Business and economic intelligence for the Gulf and Iraq.

Countries

🇧🇭 Bahrain

Manama · BHD

The smallest Gulf economy, an early diversifier into financial services and aluminium, with a fiscal position more sensitive to oil prices than its neighbours.

Verified · updated 22 Sept 2026

What we watch this week

  • 4 OctOPEC+ monthly meeting sets November output.Source
  • 28 OctThe US Federal Reserve decision at its 28 October meeting; most Gulf currencies are pegged to the dollar.Source

Last updated 23 Sept 2026

Key indicators

Oil and gas

0.1 bn bbl

Proven crude oil reserves

0.17 mb/d

Crude oil production

0.14 mb/d

Crude oil exports

0.27 mb/d

Refining capacity

68 bcm

Proven natural gas reserves

16.3 bcm

Marketed natural gas production

Labour snapshot

1.1%

Unemployment rate (total)

5.6%

Unemployment rate (nationals)

70.4%

Labour force participation (total)

Nationalisation programme

Labour Market Regulatory Authority

Bahrainisation is implemented through the Labour Market Regulatory Authority, which links work-permit fees and quotas to the share of Bahraini employees.

Official source

Sovereign funds

Major companies

AI infrastructure

All verified values

Key indicatorsPeriodValueSource
GDP (nominal)2025$49 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2024$47.2 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·13 Jul 2026

Proven crude oil reserves20230.1 bn bbl

OAPEC Annual Statistical Report·2023·31 Jan 2025

GDP (nominal)2023$46.2 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2022$46.5 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2021$40.8 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2020$35.8 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2019$40.4 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2018$39.6 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2017$37.2 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2016$33.9 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·13 Jul 2026

GDP (nominal)2015$32.5 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20253.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·13 Jul 2026

Crude oil production20240.17 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·2 Jul 2025

Real GDP growth20242.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·13 Jul 2026

Crude oil production20230.18 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·2 Jul 2025

Real GDP growth20233.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20226.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20214.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth2020-5.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20192.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20182.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20175%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20163.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·13 Jul 2026

Real GDP growth20152.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)2025-0.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·13 Jul 2026

Crude oil exports20240.14 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·2 Jul 2025

Inflation (CPI)20240.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20230.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·13 Jul 2026

Crude oil exports20230.15 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·2 Jul 2025

Inflation (CPI)20223.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)2021-0.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)2020-2.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20191%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20182.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20171.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20162.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·13 Jul 2026

Inflation (CPI)20151.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·13 Jul 2026

Population20251.6 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·13 Jul 2026

Population20241.59 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·13 Jul 2026

Refining capacity20230.27 mb/d

OAPEC Annual Statistical Report·2023·31 Jan 2025

Population20231.58 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·13 Jul 2026

Population20221.52 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·13 Jul 2026

Population20211.5 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·13 Jul 2026

Population20201.47 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·13 Jul 2026

Population20191.48 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·13 Jul 2026

Population20181.5 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·13 Jul 2026

Population20171.5 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·13 Jul 2026

Population20161.42 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·13 Jul 2026

Population20151.37 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2025 (estimate)1.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2024 (estimate)1.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Proven natural gas reserves202368 bcm

OAPEC Annual Statistical Report·2023·31 Jan 2025

Unemployment rate (total)2023 (estimate)1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2022 (estimate)1.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2021 (estimate)1.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2020 (estimate)1.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2019 (estimate)1.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2018 (estimate)1.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2017 (estimate)1.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2016 (estimate)1.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2015 (estimate)1.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Unemployment rate (nationals)end-20255.6%

Ministry of Finance and National Economy, Bahrain·end-2025·22 Sept 2026

Labour force participation (total)2025 (estimate)70.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2024 (estimate)70.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Marketed natural gas production202316.3 bcm

OAPEC Annual Statistical Report·2023·31 Jan 2025

Labour force participation (total)2023 (estimate)70.7%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2022 (estimate)70.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2021 (estimate)68.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2020 (estimate)69.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2019 (estimate)71.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2018 (estimate)72.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2017 (estimate)72.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2016 (estimate)72%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Labour force participation (total)2015 (estimate)71.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015(estimate)·13 Jul 2026

Related news

Ask INXEN

Sources

  1. World Bank, World Development Indicators · data.worldbank.org
  2. OAPEC Annual Statistical Report · oapecorg.org
  3. OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin · opec.org
  4. Ministry of Finance and National Economy, Bahrain · mofne.gov.bh