Money and business in the Middle East.

Countries

🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates

Abu Dhabi · AED

A federation of seven emirates, combining Abu Dhabi's hydrocarbon and sovereign-fund base with Dubai's trade, logistics, finance and tourism platform.

Verified · updated 3 Nov 2026

Key indicators

$614.40 bn

GDP (nominal)

IMF — World Economic Outlook, October 2026 (published 13 Oct 2026), DataMapper·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 13 Oct 2026·updated 30 Oct 2026·About this indicator

$50,273.5

GDP per capita (nominal)

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

4.0%

Real GDP growth

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

-2.1%

Real GDP growth (quarterly, year on year)

Emirates News Agency (WAM)·Q2 2026(estimate)·source dated 9 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026·About this indicator

1.3%

Inflation (CPI)

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

11.51 mn

Population

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

$48.24 bn

FDI net inflows

UNCTAD (UN Trade and Development)·2025·source dated 7 Jul 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

$266.76 bn

Foreign exchange reserves

International Monetary Fund·Aug 2026·source dated 31 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026·About this indicator

0.4%

Fiscal balance, central government (% of GDP)

International Monetary Fund·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026·About this indicator

33.9%

Public debt (% of GDP)

IMF — World Economic Outlook, October 2026 (published 13 Oct 2026), DataMapper·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 13 Oct 2026·updated 30 Oct 2026·About this indicator

19 score (0-21 scale)

Sovereign credit rating (S&P-equivalent score)

Ministry of Finance — UAE·per UAE MoF, 1 Oct 2026·undated source · read on 1 Oct 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026·About this indicator

over 8.6 mn visits

Visits to cultural sites and libraries (Abu Dhabi)

Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi·2025·source dated 6 Apr 2026·updated 26 Oct 2026·About this indicator

Oil and gas

120.00 bn bbl

Proven crude oil reserves

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

3.12 mb/d

Crude oil production

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

3.835 mb/d

Crude oil production (monthly, OPEC secondary sources)

OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report·Aug 2026·source dated 10 Sep 2026·updated 24 Oct 2026·About this indicator

4.28 mb/d

Crude oil production capacity

International Energy Agency (IEA)·Mar 2026·source dated 14 Apr 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026·About this indicator

2.88 mb/d

Crude oil exports

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

1.23 mb/d

Refining capacity

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026·About this indicator

8,410 bcm

Proven natural gas reserves

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

60.13 bcm

Marketed natural gas production

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026·About this indicator

Labour snapshot

2.2%

Unemployment rate (total)

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

78.6%

Labour force participation (total)

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026·About this indicator

Nationalisation programme

Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation

Emiratisation sets annual targets for the share of Emirati employees in skilled roles at private companies with 50 or more employees, with smaller firms in selected activities also covered; the Nafis programme provides salary support and training.

Official source ↗

Sovereign funds

Major companies

Major projects

AI infrastructure

All verified values

Key indicatorsPeriodValueSource
GDP (nominal)2025 (IMF estimate) (estimate)$614.40 bn

IMF — World Economic Outlook, October 2026 (published 13 Oct 2026), DataMapper·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 13 Oct 2026·updated 30 Oct 2026

Proven crude oil reserves2025120.00 bn bbl

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

GDP (nominal)2024$552.32 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Proven crude oil reserves2024113 bn bbl

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Proven crude oil reserves2023113 bn bbl

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

GDP (nominal)2023$522.62 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP (nominal)2022$511.40 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2021$422.44 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2020$357.16 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2019$433.93 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2018$440.56 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2017$403.37 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2016$381.72 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP (nominal)2015$381.97 bn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2024$50,273.5

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2023$49,850.7

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2022$50,759.8

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2021$44,118.5

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2020$37,991.7

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2019$45,938.6

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2018$47,135.3

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2017$43,733.6

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2016$42,721.1

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

GDP per capita (nominal)2015$44,910.3

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Crude oil production20253.12 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

Crude oil production20242.92 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Real GDP growth20244.0%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Real GDP growth20234.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Crude oil production20232.94 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Real GDP growth20227.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth20214.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth2020-8.7%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth20191.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth20181.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth2017-1.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth20165.7%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth20157.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Crude oil production (monthly, OPEC secondary sources)Aug 20263.835 mb/d

OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report·Aug 2026·source dated 10 Sep 2026·updated 24 Oct 2026

Crude oil production (monthly, OPEC secondary sources)Jul 20263.780 mb/d

OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report·Jul 2026·source dated 10 Sep 2026·updated 24 Oct 2026

Crude oil production (monthly, OPEC secondary sources)Jun 20263.810 mb/d

OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report·Jun 2026·source dated 10 Sep 2026·updated 24 Oct 2026

Real GDP growth (quarterly, year on year)Q2 2026 (estimate)-2.1%

Emirates News Agency (WAM)·Q2 2026(estimate)·source dated 9 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Real GDP growth (quarterly, year on year)Q1 20263.0%

Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre·Q1 2026·source dated 14 Aug 2026·updated 6 Oct 2026

Real GDP growth (quarterly, year on year)Q4 20258.5%

Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre·Q4 2025·source dated 14 Aug 2026·updated 6 Oct 2026

Crude oil production capacityMar 20264.28 mb/d

International Energy Agency (IEA)·Mar 2026·source dated 14 Apr 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026

Crude oil exports20252.88 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

Inflation (CPI)20251.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Inflation (CPI)20241.7%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Crude oil exports20242.72 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Crude oil exports20232.65 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Inflation (CPI)20231.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20225.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20210.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)2020-2.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)2019-1.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20183.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20172.0%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20161.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Inflation (CPI)20154.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Population202511.51 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Refining capacity20241.23 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Population202410.99 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population202310.48 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Refining capacity20231.23 mb/d

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Population202210.08 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20219.58 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20209.40 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20199.45 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20189.35 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20179.22 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20168.94 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Population20158.51 mn

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Proven natural gas reserves20258,410 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2025 (estimate)2.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2024 (estimate)2.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Proven natural gas reserves20248,210 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2023 (estimate)2.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Proven natural gas reserves20238,210 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2022 (estimate)2.9%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2021 (estimate)3.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2020 (estimate)4.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2019 (estimate)2.3%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2018 (estimate)2.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2017 (estimate)2.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2016 (estimate)1.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Unemployment rate (total)2015 (estimate)1.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Marketed natural gas production202560.13 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2025·source dated 29 Apr 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

Labour force participation (total)2025 (estimate)78.6%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2025(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Labour force participation (total)2024 (estimate)78.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2024(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 27 Oct 2026

Marketed natural gas production202457.82 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2024·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 24 Oct 2026

Marketed natural gas production202356.69 bcm

OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin·2023·source dated 2 Jul 2025·updated 24 Oct 2026

Labour force participation (total)2023 (estimate)78.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2023(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2022 (estimate)77.2%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2022(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2021 (estimate)77.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2021(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2020 (estimate)78.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2020(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2019 (estimate)79.5%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2019(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2018 (estimate)79.1%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2018(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2017 (estimate)78.8%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2017(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2016 (estimate)78.4%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2016(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Labour force participation (total)2015 (estimate)78.0%

World Bank, World Development Indicators·2015(estimate)·source dated 8 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

FDI net inflows2025$48.24 bn

UNCTAD (UN Trade and Development)·2025·source dated 7 Jul 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

FDI net inflows2024$45.64 bn

UNCTAD (UN Trade and Development)·2024·source dated 7 Jul 2026·updated 25 Oct 2026

Foreign exchange reservesAug 2026$266.76 bn

International Monetary Fund·Aug 2026·source dated 31 Oct 2026·updated 3 Nov 2026

Foreign exchange reservesJul 2026$259.72 bn

International Monetary Fund·Jul 2026·source dated 1 Oct 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026

Foreign exchange reservesend-2025$292.32 bn

International Monetary Fund·end-2025·source dated 1 Oct 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026

Foreign exchange reservesend-2024$237.93 bn

International Monetary Fund·end-2024·source dated 1 Oct 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026

Fiscal balance, central government (% of GDP)2025 (IMF estimate) (estimate)0.4%

International Monetary Fund·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Fiscal balance, central government (% of GDP)20240.4%

International Monetary Fund·2024·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Fiscal balance, central government (% of GDP)20230.7%

International Monetary Fund·2023·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Public debt (% of GDP)2025 (IMF estimate) (estimate)33.9%

IMF — World Economic Outlook, October 2026 (published 13 Oct 2026), DataMapper·2025 (IMF estimate)(estimate)·source dated 13 Oct 2026·updated 30 Oct 2026

Public debt (% of GDP)202434.9%

International Monetary Fund·2024·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Public debt (% of GDP)202331.9%

International Monetary Fund·2023·source dated 8 Dec 2025·updated 4 Oct 2026

Sovereign credit rating (S&P-equivalent score)per UAE MoF, 1 Oct 202619 score (0-21 scale)

Ministry of Finance — UAE·per UAE MoF, 1 Oct 2026·undated source · read on 1 Oct 2026·updated 4 Oct 2026

Visits to cultural sites and libraries (Abu Dhabi)2025over 8.6 mn visits

Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi·2025·source dated 6 Apr 2026·updated 26 Oct 2026

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Sources

  1. IMF — World Economic Outlook, October 2026 (published 13 Oct 2026), DataMapper · imf.org
  2. OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin · publications.opec.org
  3. World Bank, World Development Indicators · data.worldbank.org
  4. OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report · opec.org
  5. Emirates News Agency (WAM) · wam.ae
  6. Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre · uaestat.fcsc.gov.ae
  7. International Energy Agency (IEA) · iea.org
  8. UNCTAD (UN Trade and Development) · unctad.org
  9. International Monetary Fund · api.imf.org
  10. Ministry of Finance — UAE · mof.gov.ae
  11. Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi · mediaoffice.abudhabi